描述
Chloramphenicol (CAS: 56-75-7) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with the molecular formula C₁₁H₁₂Cl₂N₂O₅ and a molecular weight of 323.13 g/mol, commonly used in veterinary and limited clinical applications due to its potential hematologic toxicity
It appears as a white crystalline powder, soluble in organic solvents like methanol and ethanol but sparingly in water (2.5 g/L at 25°C), with a melting point of 148–150°C
The drug inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, though its use is restricted due to severe side effects like aplastic anemia
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